Lehman Vocab Blog

Word Solving The  word solve  originally came from the Latin solvere, which meant "to loosen or untie." If you think of any kind of complex problem as a knot, then the original definition  of  solve  still makes sense! ( https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/solve ) Word solving is very important in the classroom and children even can use phonics to help with it.  Children need to know how to word solve so that they can figure out each word.

Orthography 1. the conventional spelling system of a language. the study of spelling and how letters combine to represent sounds and form words. (https://www.google.com/search?q=Dictionary#dobs=orthography) Orthography  is  important  to society because a uniform spelling system that disregards individual and dialect differences in pronunciation facilitates the use of the written language. In an ideal phonetic writing system, one letter corresponds to a single phoneme and vice versa.( https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/orthographically )

High-Frequency Words One of the most powerful and effective reading strategies is sight  word  recognition. Sight  word recognition is recognizing by sight the  words  that appear with  high frequency  in books and texts . Sight words  are also called  high frequency words . ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zJJ1S6-rMc ) These words are most important because they are used most often in reading and writing. A child needs to recognize these words first.

Interactive Writing "Interactive writing  is a  writing  process used to teach (usually younger) students how to write. The process involves the sharing of a pen between the teacher and students. It can be done in a one-on-one private lesson with a student, or with a small group of students."( www.teach-nology.com/themes/lang_arts/typesofwriting/interactive.html ) The importance of interactive writing is that it makes the writing process visual for the whole class. It also teaches the students the writing process as the teacher is guiding them. The purpose is that hopefully they will take their skills learning in interactive writing back to their independent writing.  

Segmenting - segmenting  involves breaking  words  down into individual sounds or syllables.( http://www.allkindsofminds.org/word-decoding-blending-and-segmenting-sounds-impact-of-memory) Phoneme  segmentation  is essential in developing reading and spelling skills. In order to write or type  words , children must: break the  word  down into its component sounds. ( http://www.bemidji.k12.mn.us/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Phoneme-Segmentation-Activities2.pdf

Blending When beginning readers sound out words, they slowly say each sound in a word (c-a-t), and then say the sounds quickly together to "read" the word (cat). In reading, teachers call this  blending  because sounds are being  blended  together. (http://www.readingrockets.org/strategies/blending_games) Blending  is super  important  because being able to mentally join speech sounds together to make words helps students to decode unfamiliar words using letter-sound patterns when reading. ( https://homeschoolingwithdyslexia.com/teaching-blending-early-readers/)

Phonemic Awareness Phonemic awareness  is the ability to notice, think about, and work with the individual sounds in words. We know that a student's skill in  phonemic awareness  is a good predictor of later reading success or difficulty. ( http://www.readingrockets.org/reading-topics/phonemic-awareness)  Phonological awareness is critical for  learning  to read any alphabetic writing system. And research shows that difficulty with phoneme awareness and other phonological skills is a predictor of poor reading and spelling development. (http://www.readingrockets.org/article/why-phonological-awareness-important-reading-and-spelling)

Letter Recognition Alphabetic  recognition  is sometimes called  letter recognition or   letter identification , but all three terms have the same meaning .  Letter recognition  activities refer to the ability to visually recognize  letters  of the alphabet through hands-on learning.  https://stayathomeeducator.com/letter-identification-why-teach-the-abcs/ Letter recognition  is i mportant  because it enables beginning readers to figure out how printed text is associated with the spoken language. This is why alphabetic  recognition  is one of the very first skills children learn while they are beginning readers. It comes before phonemic awareness and decoding.

Concepts of Print - Concepts of print  refers to the ability of a child to know and recognize the ways in which  print  “works” for the purposes of reading, particularly with regard to books.  (literacyreferencelem.pbworks.com/w/page/17979971/Concepts%20of%20Print) Concepts of Print are important because they teach children how reading "works." They influence a child's fluency and accuracy as a reader later in life. It can be viewed as the foundation of reading and writing. 

Alphabetic Principle -   the idea that letters and letter patterns represent the sounds of spoken language. ( http://www.readingrockets.org/article/alphabetic-principle) It is important because it teaches children  that there are predictable relationships between sounds and letters. It allows children to apply these relationships to both familiar and unfamiliar words, and to begin to read with fluency.

Systematic intensive phonics instruction The plan for  instruction  that is  systematic  is carefully thought out, builds upon prior learning, is strategic building from simple to complex, and is designed before activities and  lessons  are planned.  Instruction  is across the five components (phonemic awareness,  phonics , fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension”. ( https://www.nifdi.org/resources/news/.../692-what-does-systematic-instruction-mean) This is important because it first teaches children to  link the specific letters in the word with their respective sounds.  This type of phonics instruction benefits both students with learning disabilities and low-achieving students who are not disabled. Moreover, systematic synthetic phonics instruction was significantly more effective in improving low socioeconomic status (SES) children's alphabetic knowledge and word reading skills than instructional approaches that ...

Concept-Driven Approach (http://blogs.ibo.org/sharingpyp/files/2014/04/Shannon-ODwyer_pull-quote1.png) A concept-driven education develops effective approaches to  teaching and learning ; empowering young people for a lifetime of learning, independently and in collaboration with others and preparing a community of learners that engage with global challenges through  inquiry, action, and reflection .  Concepts  create a culture of thinking that invites students to see connections, contradictions, alternative perspectives, and different ways of thinking.

Data-Driven Approach The adjective  data-driven  means that progress in an activity is compelled by  data , rather than by  intuition  or by  personal experience .( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data-driven)  The current  data driven education  system involves the inclusion of computers in K-12 classes, and students are increasingly experiencing data-driven teaching as a completely integrated part of a post-textbook, customized academic process.  In the data-driven classroom, collecting and analyzing a student’s work are part of how schools report and track performance. Digital curricula and data are changing the way teachers and the learning process work. ( https://www.methodschools.org/blog/the-benefits-of-data-driven-education)  -As I was looking up the definition and reading more about Data-Driven I found this very true to how it has became important in the classroom. 

Whole Language : a method of teaching reading and writing that emphasizes learning whole words and phrases by encountering them in meaningful contexts rather than by phonics exercises ( https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/whole%20language ) Whole language is very important. "Whole language approach is an educational philosophy that teaches children to read by using strategies that show how language is a system of parts that work together to create meaning. While it may sound as if the whole language method discounts phonics as a way to teach reading, the use of phonemic awareness (or sub-lexical reading) is one of the components of the approach ( https://www.verywellfamily.com/what-is-whole-language-reading-620834 )" As it states this helps student with reading comprehension to create meanings.

Skill-Building Hypothesis The Skill-Building Hypothesis says that we first learn rules consciously and then practice them in output until they become “automatic”: In other words, consciously learned knowledge becomes “acquired” knowledge. When we develop linguistic competence in this way, our goal is to get better at the language. Any other information we pick up along the way is a by-product. ( http://www.mygrove.us/uploads/8/1/2/6/8126375/seekingjustification_krashen.pdf ) Skill-Building is important to education because it gives us our inductive-deductive learning skills. These skills are very important in the math portion of a child's learning. It also applies to the way we learn phonics to then eventually remembering each sound and it becomes automatic to pronounce the word.

Comprehension Hypothesis Comprehension Hypothesis- The Comprehension Hypothesis is closely related to other hypotheses . The Comprehension Hypothesis refers to subconscious acquisition, not conscious learning. The result of providing acquirers with comprehensible input is the emergence of grammatical structure in a predictable order. ( www.sdkrashen.com/content/articles/eta_paper.pdf ) Comprehension Hypothesis is important in education and phonics, because it is the understanding of what we are reading, writing, vocabulary knowledge, and many other complex things.